|
圖7.真實(shí)的全息記錄（左上），用于補償彗差并將接收器（能隙）定位在平坦表面上的共軛結構（左下）。
近軸焦點(diǎn)處的參考點(diǎn)光源由透鏡轉換成平面波前。相反，物點(diǎn)光源被透鏡轉換成有像差的準平面波前。通過(guò)在透鏡的平面上記錄具有準平面波前的光柵來(lái)校正該效應。
通過(guò)在平坦表面上使用期望的點(diǎn)源對象光束，來(lái)調整接收器的位置，如圖7的左下幾何結構所示。
圖8.在左邊，采用真實(shí)結構（平面光柵）記錄的光柵重建，分別對應于（a）單色光（633nm的HeNe）和（b）白光（氙弧太陽(yáng)模擬器）。在右側，采用共軛結構（補償光柵）記錄的光柵重建，分別對應于（c）單色光和（d）白光。
圖8（a）和（c）的比較顯示出彗差的共軛結構補償，將光引向更緊密的焦點(diǎn)。對于單色和白光重建可以看到類(lèi)似的結果。
4. 結論
在本文中，討論了光譜分裂作為用于多結PV系統的串聯(lián)電池的替代。提出了頻譜轉換效率（SCE）、整體系統效率、濾波器加權重疊（O）和對最佳能隙（IoBB）的改進(jìn)，并將其定義為光譜分裂系統的評估度量。描述了全息光柵-透鏡幾何結構，并已經(jīng)給出模擬和實(shí)驗結果。對于在可見(jiàn)光范圍（<0.9μm）中具有更多能隙的系統，IoBB顯示較大值。
光柵-透鏡幾何結構的離軸衍射角導致彗差和顯著(zhù)的系統損耗。提出并演示了使用共軛記錄幾何來(lái)補償這種損耗的方法。
正在進(jìn)行的工作包括使用系統度量結合已建立的用于全息光學(xué)元件中的最小化像差技術(shù)來(lái)增加總體光電轉換效率。
5. 致謝
作者想要感謝NSF / DOE ERC合作協(xié)議號EEC-1041895、NSF批準號0925085、亞利桑那州TRIF（WEES）項目和研究公司的支持。
參考文獻
[1] T. O. M. Tiedje, E. L. I. Yablonovitch, G. D. G. D. Cody, and B. G. B. G. B. G. Brooks, “Limiting efficiency of silicon solar cells,” IEEE Transactions on Electron Devices 31(5), 711–716 (1984) [doi:10.1109/TED.1984.21594].
[2] A. Barnett, D. Kirkpatrick, C. Honsberg, D. Moore, M. Wanlass, K. Emery, R. Schwartz, D. Carlson, S. Bowden, et al., “Very high efficiency solar cell modules,” Progress in Photovoltaics: Research and Applications 17(1), 75–83 (2009) [doi:10.1002/pip.852].
[3] M. A. Green, K. Emery, Y. Hishikawa, W. Warta, and E. D. Dunlop, “Solar cell efficiency tables (version 42),” Progress in Photovoltaics: Research and Applications 21(5), 827–837 (2013) [doi:10.1002/pip.2404].
[4] E. Hecht, Optics 4th edition, in Optics 4th edition by Eugene Hecht Reading, MA: … (2001).
[5] A. L. Gray, M. Stan, T. Varghese, A. Korostyshevsky, J. Doman, A. Sandoval, J. Hills, C. Griego, M. Turner, et al., “Multi-terminal dual junction InGaP<inf>2</inf>/GaAs solar cells for hybrid system,” in 2008 33rd IEEE Photovolatic Specialists Conference, pp. 1–4, IEEE (2008) [doi:10.1109/PVSC.2008.4922575].
[6] J. D. McCambridge, M. A. Steiner, B. L. Unger, K. A. Emery, E. L. Christensen, M. W. Wanlass, A. L. Gray, L. Takacs, R. Buelow, et al., “Compact spectrum splitting photovoltaic module with high efficiency,” Progress in Photovoltaics: Research and Applications 19(3), 352–360 (2011) [doi:10.1002/pip.1030].
[7] D. Zhang, M. Gordon, J. M. Russo, S. Vorndran, M. Escarra, H. Atwater, and R. K. Kostuk, “Reflection hologram solar spectrum-splitting filters,” K. VanSant and A. P. Plesniak, Eds., 846807–846807–10 (2012) [doi:10.1117/12.929187].
[8] B. Mitchell, G. Peharz, G. Siefer, M. Peters, T. Gandy, J. C. Goldschmidt, J. Benick, S. W. Glunz, A. W. Bett, et al., “Four-junction spectral beam-splitting photovoltaic receiver with high optical efficiency,” Progress in Photovoltaics: Research and Applications 19(1), 61–72 (2011) [doi:10.1002/pip.988].
[9] E. D. Aspnes, J. E. Castillo, R. D. Courreges, P. S. Hauser, G. Rosenberg, and J. M. Russo, “Volume Hologram Replicator for Transmission Type Gratings,” U.S. Patent No. Application US 2013/0120815 A1, in WO Patent …, United States (2013).
[10] R. K. Kostuk, J. Castillo, J. M. Russo, and G. Rosenberg, “Spectral-shifting and holographic planar concentrators for use with photovoltaic solar cells,” in Proceedings of SPIE 6649, M. Symko-Davies, J. Guo, B. von Roedern, D. R. Myers, and A. E. Delahoy, Eds., p. 66490I–66490I–8, San Diego, CA (2007) [doi:10.1117/12.736542].
[11] D. Jurbergs, F. Bruder, F. Deuber, T. Fäcke, R. Hagen, T. Rölle, M. Weiser, A. Volkov, B. M. Llc, et al., “New recording materials for the holographic industry,” 1–10 (2009) [doi:10.1117/12.809579].
[12] M. Gordon, D. Zhang, S. Vorndran, J. M. Russo, C. K. Luscombe, S. E. Shaheen, and R. K. Kostuk, “Planar holographic spectrum-splitting PV module design,” High and Low Concentrator Systems for Solar Electric Applications VII 8468(520), K. VanSant and A. P. Plesniak, Eds., 846808–846808–9 (2012) [doi:10.1117/12.929387].
[13] J. Zhao, A. Wang, M. A. Green, and F. Ferrazza, “19.8% efficient ‘honeycomb’ textured multicrystalline and 24.4% monocrystalline silicon solar cells,” Applied Physics Letters 73(14), 1991 (1998) [doi:10.1063/1.122345].
[14] G. J. Bauhuis, J. J. Schermer, P. Mulder, M. M. A. J. Voncken, and P. K. Larsen, “Thin film GaAs solar cells with increased quantum efficiency due to light reflection,” Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells 83(1), 81–90 (2004) [doi:10.1016/j.solmat.2003.11.030].
[15] K. Winick, “Designing efficient aberration-free holographic lenses in the presence of a construction-reconstruction wavelength shift,” Journal of the Optical Society of America 72(1), 143 (1982) [doi:10.1364/JOSA.72.000143].
文章來(lái)源：Grating-Over-Lens Concentrating Photovoltaic Spectrum SplittingSystems with Volume Holographic Optical Elements
|
